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The liquid refrigerant in the refrigeration system problems
Release time:2016-11-18 11:58:43
First, the liquid refrigerant migration
Refrigerant migration when compressor goes down the liquid refrigerant accumulating in the compressor crankcase. As long as the compressor temperature low temperature than the evaporator, compressor and evaporator differential pressure between the driven refrigerant migration to colder places. In the cold winter, a phenomenon most likely to occur. However, for air conditioning, heat pump, when the condensing unit farther away from the compressor, and even if the temperature is higher, the migration phenomenon can also occur. When system is shut down, if not power on within a few hours, even in the absence of pressure, because of refrigeration oil onrefrigerant in the crankcase to attract, the migration phenomenon can also occur. Ifan excessive amount of liquid refrigerant migration into the compressor crankcase,serious is going to happen when the compressor starts the liquid strike, leading to compressor failure, such as rupture of the valve, piston damage, erosion of bearing failure and bearing (refrigerant the refrigeration oil from the bearing come off).
Second, the liquid coolant overflow
When the expansion valve malfunction, failure or air filter or evaporator fan blocked,overflow in the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator, the liquid through the suction pipe instead of steam into the compressor. While the unit is running, due to the overflow of liquid dilution refrigeration oil and cause wear on the moving parts of the compressor, hydraulic reduced hydraulic safety devices, allowing crankcase oil loss. Inthis case if down, refrigerant migration occurred quickly, resulting in liquid hammerwhen it starts again.
Third, hydraulic hammer
Liquid can be heard when compressor inside the metal percussion, and may be accompanied by severe vibration of the compressor. Liquid strike can lead to valve rupture, compressed head gasket damage, break of the connecting rods, crankshaft fracture and other types of damage to the compressor. When the liquid refrigerant migration into the crankcase, then start will occur when fluid hammer. In some units, dueto structural or relationship where it is, during the shutdown period liquid refrigerant in the suction pipe or accumulated inside the evaporator, in pure liquid form whenpowered on and at high speed into the compressor. Liquid strike velocity and inertia to the destruction of any of the built-in compressor liquid-surge protection measures.
Four, oil pressure safety control device
In a cryogenic unit, when in addition to after the Frost season, due to the liquid refrigerant flow often leads to oil pressure safety control device. Many system designs allow you to defrost during the refrigerant in the evaporator and condensing in the suction pipe, and then boot the refrigerant flows into compressor crankcase oil pressure caused by reduced, causing oil pressure safety device. Occasionally one or two oil pressure safety control device will not cause serious impact to the compressor, butrepeated several times without good lubrication will cause the compressor to fail. Oil pressure safety control device often operators consider to be glitches, but this is awarning that indicates that the compressor run without lubrication was more than two minutes, the need for timely implementation of remedial measures.
The remedial measures recommended
1 reduction of refrigerant charge in
Refrigerant system refrigerant charging amount more, the greater their chance of failure. Only the compressor and other major parts of the system are connected together for system testing to determine the maximum and safe refrigerant charge quantity. Compressor manufacturer to determine without damage to compressor parts maximum filling quantity of liquid refrigerant, but unable to determine in the most extreme cases total filling quantity of the actual number of the refrigerating system is compressor. Compressors can withstand the maximum filling quantity of refrigerant liquid depends on the design, content, and the filling quantity of refrigerant oil. When the liquid migrates, overflow or liquid when the strike occurred, must take the necessary remedial measures to remedy types depending on the system design and thetype of fault. Protect the compressor against liquid refrigerant is the best method offault caused by compressor refrigerant charge quantity restrictions within the allowed range. If they cannot do this, you should minimize the filling quantity. Under flowconditions are met, condenser, evaporator and connecting pipe diameter as used insmall pipes, reservoirs for selected small as possible. Filling quantity minimization requires the correct operation, liquid in the eye lens diameter is too small and head pressure is too low to produce bubble alert, which can lead to severe Overcharge.
2 time cycle
The most active and the most reliable method of controlling liquid refrigerant is thetime loop. Especially if the system charge in large, by turning off the tube, solenoidvalve, refrigerant can be pumped into the condenser and liquid receiver, compressor running under the control of low voltage safety control device, thus the refrigerantin the compressor not running and compressor isolation to avoid refrigerant migration to the compressor crankcase. During the down phase continuous time loop is recommended to prevent electromagnetic valve leaks. If is a time loop, or so-called non-recycling control mode, when long outage there will be excessive leakage of refrigerant compressor damage. Despite the continuous time loop is the best way to avoid migration, but does not protect the compressor from the refrigerant overflow causing adverse effects.
3 install the crankcase heater
In some systems, the environment, cost or customer preferences are likely to make the time cycle is not possible, crankcase heater can delay migration occurred at this time. Crankcase heater function is maintained in the crankcase temperature is higher than the lowest temperature in the system portion of the refrigerant oil temperature. However, in order to prevent overheating and freezing oil soot the heating powerof the crankcase heater must be limited. When ambient temperatures close to-18 degrees Celsius, or when the suction pipe is exposed, crankcase heater will be partlyoffset by transfer is still likely to occur. Crankcase heater in use is generally continuous heating, because once the coolant into the crankcase, condensation in the oil, letit come back to suction up to several hours of time. When the situation is not serious, the crankcase heater is used to prevent migration are very effective, but fail to protect the liquid return to the compressor crankcase heater the harm caused.
4 install suction gas-liquid separator
Liquid overflow-prone system should install gas-liquid separator on the suction pipe, used for storing overflow of liquid refrigerant in the system, affordable rate returned to the compressor and compressor under liquid refrigerant. When the heat fromthe cooling operating mode switch to heat pump working condition is most likely tooccur when coolant overflow, under normal circumstances, the suction gas-liquid separator is required in all heat pump equipment. Use of hot gas defrost system defrost start and end moments are also prone to liquid overflow. Low-heat devices, such as liquid chillers and compressor of low temperature display cases, occasionally dueto improper refrigerant control may overflow. Device for vehicle, when after a longdowntime period, when the reboot is prone to serious flooding. In two-stage compressor suction directly returns the lower cylinders, not through the motor room, gas-liquid separators should be used to protect the compressor valves from liquid strikedamage. Due to the different requirements of different refrigeration system charging and refrigerant control methods vary, whether it needs gas-liquid separator and the size of the gas-liquid separator is to a large extent depend on the specific systemrequirements. If there is no precise number of test liquid reflux, a conservative design approach is determined in accordance with overall charge in 50% the capacity of the gas-liquid separator.